The goal here is to minimize digital and common mode noise as well as to provideElectrical Technology Grade 11 Learner Book1 2 Introduction This application note provides general routing guidelines for PCBs (printed circuit board) designed with a. In order to meet these requirements depend on good design practices. The printed circuit board (PCB) is the single most important factor that affects EMI, ESD and overall performance. Standards using Micrel’s 10/100 family of Ethernet products.
Understanding of PCB design apart from digital circuit design in detail. Any unauthorised copying could lead to civil liability and/or criminal sanctions.PCB Design Guidelines - An EMC Perspective. ISBN 978-1-92 First published 2012 To copy any part of this publication, you may contact DALRO for information and copyright clearance. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without prior permission of the copyright owner. Most designs of microcontrollers are synchronous clock systems, which cause some EMC problems on the power supply network of the ICs due to the synchronous construction of the logic circuits.© Future Managers 2012 All rights reserved.
179 Chapter 10 – Amplifiers. 101 Chapter 8 – Semiconductors.139 Chapter 9 – Power supplies. 51 Chapter 5 – Protective devices.71 Chapter 6 – Single-Phase Motors. 39 Chapter 4 – Single-phase transformers. 15 Chapter 3 – Single-phase AC generation. 2 2 Freescale Semiconductor 2 Design Consideration To achieve high speed operation in a low-power environment, the design of the PCB must achieve: Minimal on-board noise generation from the distributed power network Minimal cross-talk between tracesWP484 (v1.0) Septem3 DDR2/DDR3 Low-Cost PCB Design Guidelines for Artix-7 and Spartan-7 FPGAs Routing Channels are the total number of available routing paths out of the BGAe.g., (Number of BGA balls on one side 1)× four sides.Telephone: 086 12 DALRO (from within South Africa) +27 (0)11 712-8000 Telefax: +27 (0)11 403-9094 Postal Address: P O Box 31627, Braamfontein, 2017, South Africa Please note that this is a sample draft copy and may still undergo minor changes.FutureManagers Published by Future Managers (Pty) Ltd PO Box 13194, Mowbray, 7705 Tel (021) 462 3572 Fax (021) 462 3681 E-mail: Website: Contents Chapter 1 – Safety.1 Chapter 2 – Tools and measuring instruments.
Pcb Design Guidelines Free From Danger
A workshop is only as safe as the persons operating in it make it. It is commonly agreed that, if unsafe acts and unsafe conditions can be eliminated, 98% of all accidents could be prevented. When working with electrical equipment, care must be taken to adhere to all possible safety measures for personal safety and protection. Working in electrical workshops can be very dangerous as carelessness and neglect can lead to serious injury or even death. It is the aim of this chapter to look at general safety and first aid in the workplace and how to make the workshops and laboratories safer for everybody.Safety and the OHS Act Safety can generally be described as: the condition of being safe free from danger, risk, or injury. According to the Act, an accident is an unplanned, uncontrolled event caused by unsafe acts and conditions.
Provide training and supervision as may be necessary to ensure the health and safety at work of the employees. Make arrangements to ensure the safety and absence of risks to the health of employees in connection with the production, processing, use, handling, storage or transport of articles or substances. Take steps to eliminate or reduce any danger or potential hazard to the safety or health of employees. Provide and maintain systems of work, plant and machinery that are safe and without risks to health. The OHS Act states that: “every employer shall provide and maintain, as far as is reasonably practicable, a working environment that is safe and without risk to the health of his employees.” To maintain safe working conditions in the workplace, the employer must ensure he does the following: Figure 1.1: Safety signsAccording the OHS Act both the employer and the employee are responsible for safety in the workshop.
If they are involved in any incident which may affect their health or which has caused an injury to themselves, report such incident to their employer or to anyone authorised by the employer, or to their health and safety representative, as soon as possible. If any situation which is unsafe or unhealthy comes to their attention, report such situation to their employer or to the health and safety representative as soon as possible. Carry out any official order given to them, and obey the health and safety rules and procedures laid down by the employer or by anyone authorised by their employer, in the interest of health or safety. As regards any duty or responsibility imposed on the employer or any other person by this Act, co-operate with such employer or person to enable that duty or responsibility to be performed or complied with. Ensure the health and safety of themselves and of other persons who may be affected by their acts. Each employee has the following responsibilities:
Keep hands away from moving/rotating machinery. No bags allowed the workshop, as people can trip over them. Make sure all machine guards are kept in place. Always clean the work area after the completion of a task. Tools that have sharp edges should be carried with sharp edges pointing downwards. Never use any tools or machines unless you have been properly instructed by the teacher.
regularly review health and safety measures in the workplace These health and safety representatives need to The main task of such representatives it is to monitor the safety in the workplace. The OHS Act compels the employer to ensure that the workplace meets safety standards by appointing health and safety representatives.
Such health and safety representatives can be held responsible and be punished if machinery or working conditions are found to be unsafe. do regular inspection of the workplace, including tools and equipment. investigate complaints of employees regarding health and safety issues and investigate incidents in the workplace in partnership with the employer
fire extinguishers are maintained and in good working order. the first-aid kit is easily accessible and contains the necessary medical items. equipment and materials are stored in their proper places.
Trying to do adjustments or working on moving equipment The unsafe use of equipment or incorrect use of equipment Horseplay in the workshop (running around and playing the fool) Failure to wear protective clothing and eye wear Below are some of the unsafe acts responsible for most accidents in workshops: However, accidents also occur when workers are too complacent and then take risks, because they think nothing will happen to them.
Figure 1.2: Safety equipmentUnsafe conditions This is also a major contributor to many accidents in the workplace.
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